Discover 25 Water Birds in Rhode Island

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Water birds in Rhode Island

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Rhode Island, America’s smallest state, is a veritable paradise for water bird enthusiasts with distinct species dotting the coastlines and wetlands. The diverse ecosystems that this Ocean State provides form a thriving habitat for these feathered inhabitants.

Rhode Island water birds

The state of Rhode Island, being located on the Atlantic coast, is a haven for many different species of water birds. Here is a list of some of the most common water birds that you might encounter in the state:

Bird SpeciesCommonalityBest Location to Find
MallardVery commonRoger Williams Park
Canada GooseVery commonTrustom Pond NWR
American Black DuckVery commonSachuest Point NWR
Hooded MerganserCommonNinigret NWR
Ring-necked DuckCommonGoddard Memorial State Park
Common LoonCommonBlock Island
Red-breasted MerganserCommonBeavertail State Park
BuffleheadCommonNarragansett Bay
Great Blue HeronCommonGalilee Bird Sanctuary
Green HeronCommonFishermen’s Memorial State Park
Snowy EgretCommonSachuest Point NWR
Great EgretCommonTrustom Pond NWR
OspreyCommonCharlestown Breachway
Belted KingfisherCommonRoger Williams Park
Double-crested CormorantVery commonJamestown Shoreline
American CootCommonAlton Jones Campus
Herring GullVery commonScarborough State Beach
Ring-billed GullVery commonBlock Island
Black-crowned Night-HeronCommonConimicut Point Park
Red-throated LoonCommonNewport Harbor
American WigeonCommonGoddard Memorial State Park
Common GoldeneyeCommonWatchaug Pond
Greater ScaupCommonNinigret NWR
Lesser ScaupCommonSachuest Point NWR
Northern PintailCommonTrustom Pond NWR

Water Bird Species Found in Rhode Island

Mallard 

Mallard
Mallard Scientific Name: Anas platyrhynchos

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Scientific Name: Anas platyrhynchos

Length: 20–26 in

Wingspan: 32–39 in

Weight: 1.5–3.5 lb

The Mallard is a well-known species of duck they are particularly recognized for their adaptability and can thrive in both urban and wild environments.

Male Mallards are renowned for their striking plumage, with a glossy green head, a white collar, and a chestnut-colored chest, while females sport mottled brown feathers. They both have blue speculum feathers on their wings, which can be seen during flight. Both sexes also exhibit a distinct curl on the tail feathers, more noticeable in males.

Mallards are omnivorous in nature. Their diet is diverse and includes seeds, aquatic vegetation, insects, and small fish. They are frequently seen ‘dabbling’ in the water, where they dip their head and neck below the surface while upending their body to forage for food.

In terms of reproduction, Mallards usually nest on the ground near water bodies, camouflaged by vegetation. The female lays a clutch of 7 to 10 eggs, and she incubates them for about a month. After hatching, the ducklings are precocial – they are active and able to feed themselves, but they continue to stay with their mother for protection until they can fly, which usually takes about two months.

Mallards are an iconic species that have significantly contributed to the genetic makeup of many domestic duck breeds. They are beloved for their rich colors, distinctive quacks, and playful demeanor.

Canada Goose

Canada Goose
Canada Goose Scientific Name: Branta canadensis
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Canada Goose Sound

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Scientific Name: Branta canadensis

Length: 30 to 43 in

Wingspan: 50–73 in

Weight: 5.7–14.3 lb

The Canada Goose is a large, well-known species of waterfowl noted for its distinctive appearance, familiar “honk,” and migratory behavior.

Appearance: Both male and female Canada Geese have a similar appearance, featuring a black head and neck with distinctive white patches on the cheeks and chin. The body is primarily brown with a lighter, often white, underbelly.

Diet: Canada Geese primarily feed on plant matter, including grasses, aquatic vegetation, and grains. They can often be seen grazing in parks, lawns, and fields, as well as dabbling in water bodies.

Reproduction: Canada Geese typically nest on the ground near water bodies, often on islands or other isolated areas to avoid predators. The female lays a clutch of about 4 to 6 eggs, which she incubates alone for around a month.

American Black Duck
American Black Duck Scientific Name: Anas rubripes

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Scientific Name: Anas rubripes

Length: 21–23 in

Wingspan: 35–37 in

Weight: 1.59–3.62 lb

The Black Duck is a relatively large species of waterfowl known for its dark plumage and distinctive, richly flavored meat.

Appearance: Both male and female Black Ducks sport a similar look. They are predominantly dark brown in color with a lighter, beige-colored underbelly. They feature a yellowish-green bill, and their wings, when spread, reveal a purple-blue speculum bordered by two black bands.

Diet: Black Ducks primarily subsist on plant matter. They feed on seeds, leaves, and roots of aquatic plants, as well as grasses and crops. In addition, they sometimes eat small fish, insects, and aquatic invertebrates. These ducks can often be spotted foraging in shallow water bodies and marshlands.

Reproduction: Black Ducks typically create their nests on the ground, preferably in secluded, well-hidden spots near water bodies. The female usually lays a clutch of about 6 to 12 eggs, which she incubates for about four weeks.

Hooded Merganser

Hooded Merganser
Hooded Merganser Scientific Name: Lophodytes cucullatus

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Scientific Name: Lophodytes cucullatus

Length: 15.8-19.3 in

Wingspan: 23.6-26.0 in

Weight: 16.0-31.0 oz

The Hooded Merganser is a distinctive species of diving duck known for its showy crest and its excellent diving skills.

Appearance: Male Hooded Mergansers are especially striking with a large, fan-shaped, black and white crest, which can be expanded or contracted. They have bright yellow eyes, a dark back, and a white chest. The females have a more understated appearance with a brownish body, a smaller, reddish-brown crest, and dark eyes.

Diet: Consists of small fish, aquatic insects, and crustaceans. Their eyes are specially adapted for underwater vision, allowing them to spot and catch prey while diving.

Reproduction: Similar to Buffleheads, Hooded Mergansers often nest in tree cavities near water bodies. The female lays a clutch of about 10 to 12 eggs and incubates them alone for about a month.

Ring-necked Duck (Aythya collaris)

Ring-necked Duck Scientific Name: Aythya collaris

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Scientific Name: Aythya collaris

Length: 15.3-18.1 in

Wingspan: 24.4-24.8 in

Weight: 17.3-32.1 oz

The Ring-Necked Duck is a small to medium-sized diving duck known for its distinctive markings and agile diving abilities.

Appearance: Male Ring-Necked Ducks are characterized by their bold black-and-white coloration, with a glossy black back, a striking white ring around the base of the bill, and two white “rings” on their flanks. Despite their name, the chestnut-colored ring around their neck is often hard to see. Females are more subtly colored with a gray-brown body and a white eye-ring.

Diet: These ducks have a varied diet that includes aquatic plants, seeds, and invertebrates, which they obtain by diving underwater in both shallow and deep water bodies.

Reproduction: The Ring-Necked Duck nests near water, often in densely vegetated areas. The female typically lays between 8 to 10 eggs, which she incubates alone, but both parents will care for the ducklings once they hatch.

Common Loon

Common Loon Scientific Name: Gavia immer

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Scientific Name: Gavia immer

Length: 24-39 in

Wingspan: 50-56 in

Weight: 6.4-13.6 lbs

The Common Loon is a large, iconic water bird that can be found in many parts of North America. It is known for its haunting calls, often heard in the early morning or late evening across the region’s lakes and ponds.

Appearance: The Common Loon is celebrated for its striking black-and-white breeding plumage, a red eye, and a robust, black bill. In winter, its plumage turns to a more subdued gray, but its large, sturdy body and pointed bill remain distinctive.

Diet: Common Loons primarily feed on fish, but also consume crustaceans, frogs, and aquatic insects. They are expert divers, capable of plunging deep underwater to catch their prey, and are often observed popping their heads above water before diving for their next meal.

Reproduction: The Common Loon nests near water, typically on lakes and larger ponds in the northern parts of North America. The female generally lays 1-2 eggs per year in a nest made from vegetation on the ground. Both parents share the responsibility of incubating the eggs and feeding the young.

Red-breasted Merganser
Red-breasted Merganser Scientific Name: Mergus serrator

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Scientific Name: Mergus serrator

Length: 20–24 in

Wingspan: 28–34 in

Weight: 28.2 to 47.6 oz

The Red-breasted Merganser is a fascinating diving duck species, recognized for its swift flight and exceptional diving capabilities. They inhabit freshwater and saltwater environments and are quite common in North America and Eurasia.

Appearance: The Red-breasted Merganser boasts an interesting appearance. Males display a dark green head, bright red eyes, and a distinctive, long reddish-brown breast. Their bodies are mainly grey, and they also have a white collar and a thin, serrated bill. Females are more subdued, featuring a rusty cinnamon head with a shaggy crest and grey body.

Diet: Predominantly includes small fish, which they catch by diving underwater. They can also feed on aquatic insects, crustaceans, and occasionally amphibians. Their serrated bill helps them grip slippery prey effectively.

Reproduction: The breeding ground for Red-breasted Mergansers is typically near freshwater lakes or rivers. Females build nests in tree cavities, on the ground hidden in vegetation, or use abandoned nests of other birds. The female lays a clutch of 6 to 12 eggs.

Bufflehead

Bufflehead
Bufflehead Scientific Name: Bucephala albeola

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Scientific Name: Bucephala albeola

Length: 13–16 in

Wingspan: 21.6 in -23.2 in

Weight: 9.5–19.4 oz

The Bufflehead is a small, compact species of diving duck known for its striking appearance and large heads and unique nesting habits.

Appearance: Male Buffleheads are easily recognized by their large, bulbous head with a green-purple iridescent sheen, a large white patch across the back of the head, and a predominantly black and white body. Females are more subtly colored, primarily in gray-brown tones with a smaller white cheek patch.

Diet: As diving ducks, Buffleheads feed by diving beneath the water’s surface. Their diet consists largely of aquatic invertebrates, such as insects, crustaceans, and mollusks, as well as some plant matter.

Reproduction: Uniquely among ducks, Buffleheads often nest in tree cavities, especially those made by Northern Flickers, a type of woodpecker. The female lays a clutch of about 6 to 11 eggs, which she incubates alone for roughly a month.

Great Blue Heron (Ardea herodias)

Great Blue Heron Scientific Name: Ardea herodias
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Scientific Name: Ardea herodias

Length:36–54 in

Wingspan: 66–79 in

Weight: 4.0–7.9 lb

The Great Blue Heron is a large species of wading bird recognized for its majestic stature, stately flight, and impressive hunting prowess.

Appearance: Great Blue Herons are strikingly tall and slender, with a gray-blue body, a wide wingspan, and a long, pointed bill. They have a white head with a black stripe above the eye extending into feathery plumes, and long, reddish-brown legs.

Diet: Great Blue Herons are skilled hunters, primarily feeding on a variety of aquatic animals such as fish, frogs, and crustaceans. They can often be seen standing motionless in shallow water, waiting patiently for prey to come within striking distance.

Reproduction: Great Blue Herons nest in large colonies, often high in trees near bodies of water. The female lays a clutch of about 3 to 5 eggs, which both parents incubate for around a month. After hatching, the young herons are fed by both parents and start to explore outside the nest within a few weeks.

Green Heron

Green Heron Scientific Name: Butorides virescen
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Scientific Name: Butorides virescen

Length: 25 to 31 in

Wingspan: 53 to 65 in

Weight: 4.5 to 6.0

The Green Heron is a small yet captivating bird, famous for its tool-using abilities and its striking appearance. This species can often be found around the edges of freshwater and saltwater habitats across much of North America.

Appearance: Green Herons possess a dark greenish-blue back, a rich chestnut body, and a dark cap on their head. Their bill is long and sharp, allowing them to be proficient hunters, while their relatively short legs give them a stocky appearance compared to other heron species.

Diet: As opportunistic feeders, Green Herons feed mainly on small fish, but their diet also includes a variety of invertebrates, insects, amphibians, and occasionally even small mammals and birds. They’re known for a unique hunting technique – using baits such as insects, feathers, or twigs to attract fish.

Reproduction: Green Herons build their nests in trees or shrubs, usually over or near water. The female typically lays 3 to 5 eggs, with both parents sharing the responsibilities of incubation.

Snowy Egret (Egretta thula)

Snowy Egret Scientific Name: Egretta thula
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Scientific Name: Egretta thula

Length: 22.1–26.0 in

Wingspan: 39.4 inches

Weight: 13.1 oz

The Snowy Egret is a small, graceful bird celebrated for its striking white plumage and contrasting black and yellow details. Found across the United States in a variety of water habitats, this bird is known for its animated hunting style.

Appearance: Snowy Egrets are particularly noticeable due to their pure white feathers, slender black legs, and bright yellow feet, which are often described as looking like they’ve been dipped in golden paint. They also sport a thin, black bill and expressive, yellow eyes.

Diet: Their diet mainly consists of fish, but they are known to consume a variety of aquatic animals such as crustaceans, insects, and small amphibians. Notably, their unique yellow feet are used to stir up prey from the bottom of shallow water.

Reproduction: Snowy Egrets typically nest in trees or shrubs in colonies with other water birds. The female lays 3 to 5 eggs, and both parents take turns incubating them.

Great Egret

Great Egret Scientific Name: Ardea alba
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Scientific Name: Ardea alba

Length: 80 – 100 cm

Wingspan: 1.3 – 1.7 m

Weight: 0.7 – 1.5 kg

The Great Egret is a large, stunningly white bird commonly found in both freshwater and saltwater habitats across the United States. Known for its elegant flight and poised hunting stance, it is a symbol of conservation success.

Appearance: Great Egrets are recognized by their bright white plumage, long, black legs, and a yellow, dagger-like bill. Their slender, long necks and large wings are highlighted when they take flight, creating an elegant and captivating sight.

Diet: Primarily, the Great Egret feeds on fish, making use of its sharp bill to spear its prey in shallow water. However, its diet is diverse and can include other aquatic creatures like amphibians, reptiles, birds, small mammals, and invertebrates.

Reproduction: The Great Egret typically nests in trees or shrubs near water bodies, often in colonies with other water birds. A female lays 3 to 4 eggs, with both parents participating in the incubation process.

Osprey (Pandion haliaetus)

Osprey
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Osprey Sound

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Scientific Name: Pandion haliaetus

Length: 50–66 cm (19+1⁄2–26 in)

Wingspan: 127–180 cm (50–71 in)

Weight: 0.9–2.1 kg (2 lb 0 oz – 4 lb 10 oz)

The Osprey, a fascinating bird of prey, is universally known for its exceptional hunting prowess and striking physical characteristics. Osprey are dark brown hawks on the upperparts, contrasting beautifully with the predominantly white underparts, and a distinctive dark band that stretches across the eyes towards the sides of its head.

Equipped with specialized talons and a reversible outer toe, the Osprey’s hunting strategy involves a spectacular plunge-dive into bodies of water, often emerging with a fish securely gripped in its claws.

Found on every continent except Antarctica, the Osprey is a cosmopolitan species favoring habitats near water bodies such as lakes, rivers, and coastal areas, reflecting its piscivorous diet. This bird has a diet almost exclusively of fish, making it a unique member of the raptor family and often referred to as the sea hawk or fish hawk. They locate their prey from the air, often hovering before plunging feet-first to capture a fish. When it comes to breeding, Ospreys are monogamous, often mating for life.

They construct large, bulky nests made of sticks, lined with softer materials, and prefer elevated or isolated areas such as treetops or artificial structures like utility poles. Both parents share the responsibility of incubating the eggs and rearing the chicks.

Belted Kingfisher (Megaceryle alcyon)

Belted Kingfisher Scientific Name: Megaceryle alcyon
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Scientific Name: Megaceryle alcyon

Length:11–14 in

Wingspan: 19–23 in

Weight: 4.0 to 6.3 oz

The Belted Kingfisher is a conspicuous water bird, known for its distinct rattling call and impressive diving abilities.

Appearance: The Belted Kingfisher is characterized by a large head with a shaggy crest and a long, thick bill. They have a blue-gray body with white underparts. A defining characteristic is the blue-gray band, or “belt,” across the chest. Males and females have similar coloration, but females have an additional chestnut-colored band on their bellies.

Diet: Belted Kingfishers are excellent fishermen, often seen perched above water bodies, such as rivers, streams, lakes, and ponds, watching for their prey. They primarily feed on fish but will also eat amphibians, crustaceans, insects, small mammals, and reptiles. They hunt by diving headfirst into the water to catch their prey.

Reproduction: Belted Kingfishers nest in burrows that they excavate in sandy or earthy banks, usually near a body of water. These burrows can be up to 8 feet deep. The female lays a clutch of 5 to 8 eggs, and both parents participate in incubation and feeding of the young.

Double-crested Cormorant

Double-crested Cormorant Scientific Name: Nannopterum auritum
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Scientific Name: Nannopterum auritum

Length: 28 to 35 in

Wingspan: 45 – 48 in

Weight: 2.6 – 5.5 lb

The Double-crested Cormorant is a large waterbird recognized for its long neck, hooked bill, and notable diving abilities.

Appearance: Double-crested Cormorants have a dark body with a somewhat iridescent sheen. The bird’s name derives from the presence of two tufts or crests of feathers that appear on the sides of the head during the breeding season. They have striking greenish-yellow to bright orange skin around the throat and cheeks, and their eyes are an interesting, bright turquoise color.

Diet: Double-crested Cormorants are excellent divers and their diet primarily consists of fish. They dive beneath the water’s surface from the air or while swimming to catch their prey. After a successful dive, they can often be seen standing with their wings outstretched to dry.

Reproduction: These birds typically nest in trees, on cliffs, or on ground colonies on islands. The female lays a clutch of 3 to 4 eggs, which both parents incubate for about a month.

American Coot

American Coot Scientific Name: Fulica americana
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Scientific Name: Fulica americana

Length: 13–17 in

Wingspan: 23 to 28 in

Weight: 1.270 to 1.870 lb

The American Coot is a ubiquitous water bird commonly seen in the wetlands, lakes, and ponds of North America, recognized for its adaptability and striking features.

Appearance: American Coots are easily identifiable by their slate-gray bodies, offset by a white, chicken-like bill and a red eye. Their legs are also distinctive, equipped with lobed toes, as opposed to the webbed feet seen in ducks, which assist them in navigating both land and water adeptly.

Diet: While aquatic plants form the bulk of an American Coot’s diet, they aren’t strictly herbivores. These versatile birds also consume small invertebrates and fish, demonstrating their ability to adapt and survive in a variety of habitats.

Reproduction: Nesting for the American Coot usually happens in shallow water bodies, where they construct a floating nest hidden among the vegetation. A clutch can contain between 8 to 12 eggs, all of which are incubated by both parents.

Herring Gull (Larus argentatus)

Herring Gull Scientific Name: Larus argentatus
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Scientific Name: Larus argentatus

Length: 22.1-26.0 in

Wingspan: 53.9–57.5 in

Weight: 28.2-44.1 oz

The Herring Gull is a versatile bird often found near coastlines, known for its distinct call and adaptive lifestyle.

Appearance: Herring Gulls have a white body, gray back, and yellow bill with a red spot. Juvenile gulls are brown, becoming whiter as they age.

Diet: These gulls are opportunistic eaters. They consume a variety of food, including fish, insects, small birds, carrion, and human refuse.

Reproduction: Herring Gulls nest in colonies on islands or cliffs, laying two to three eggs per season. Both parents share incubation and chick-raising responsibilities.

Ring-billed Gull (Larus delawarensis)

Ring-billed Gull Scientific Name: Larus delawarensis
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Scientific Name: Larus delawarensis

Length: 16.9-21.3 in

Wingspan: 41.3–46.1 in

Weight:10.6-24.7 oz

The Ring-billed Gull is a common North American gull species recognized for its distinctive bill markings and widespread presence, particularly around human habitats.

Appearance: Ring-billed Gulls have a light-gray back, white head and underparts, and yellow eyes. Their most notable feature is the black ring around their yellow bill, which gives the species its name.

Diet: They have a varied diet that includes fish, insects, earthworms, rodents, grain, and garbage. They’re known for their opportunistic and scavenging feeding behaviors, often found near human-populated areas.

Reproduction: Ring-billed Gulls typically nest in large colonies on the ground near bodies of water. The female usually lays two to three eggs per season.

Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax)

Black-crowned Night-Heron Scientific Name: Nycticorax nycticorax
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Scientific Name: Nycticorax nycticorax

Length: 22.8-26.0 in

Wingspan: 45.3-46.5 in

Weight: 25.6-35.8 oz

The Black-crowned Night-Heron is a medium-sized heron species that is known for its nocturnal habits, standing out among other, mostly diurnal herons.

Appearance: Black-crowned Night-Herons have a stocky appearance, with adults characterized by a black crown and back, contrasting sharply with a white or gray body. Their eyes are notably red. The legs are yellow to greenish yellow, but become pinkish or even red during the breeding season. Young birds are brown, speckled with white and gray.

Diet: As opportunistic feeders, Black-crowned Night-Herons eat a wide variety of aquatic and terrestrial animals. They primarily consume fish, but their diet can also include crustaceans, insects, small mammals, reptiles, and even other birds. They usually feed at night, which gives them a unique niche among heron species.

Reproduction: Black-crowned Night-Herons are colonial nesters, often forming nesting colonies with other heron species. They build platform nests in trees or shrubs, usually over water. The female lays 3 to 5 eggs, and both parents share the responsibility of incubation.

Red-throated Loon (Gavia stellata)

Red-throated Loon Scientific Name:Gavia stellata
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Scientific Name:Gavia stellata

Length: 21 to 27 in

Wingspan: 36–47 in

Weight:2.2–6.0 lb

The Red-throated Loon is a migratory bird known for its distinctive red throat patch during breeding season and its elegant diving skills.

Appearance: Red-throated Loons are sleek birds with pointed bills that tilt upward slightly. They have a gray-brown body, white underparts, and a distinctive red throat patch in summer, which is replaced by gray-white coloring in winter.

Diet: They primarily feed on fish but will also eat aquatic invertebrates. Noted for their diving skills, they catch their prey underwater, often diving from the surface and swimming powerfully using their feet for propulsion.

Reproduction: Red-throated Loons nest close to water, usually on bare ground or among vegetation. Typically, the female will lay two eggs per season.

American Wigeon

American Wigeon
American Wigeon Scientific Name :Mareca americana

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Scientific Name: Mareca americana

Length: 17–23 in

Wingspan: 30–36 in

Weight: 1 –3 lb

The American Wigeon is a medium-sized duck species that is a popular sight in wetlands, ponds, and lakes and is often seen in mixed flocks with other ducks.

Males of the species are recognized by their distinctive appearance. They sport a unique white forehead and crown, coupled with a green band stretching from the eye to the back of the head. The body is mainly gray with a pinkish hue on the chest. Females are more subdued in color, with primarily gray and brown tones.

Diet: comprising mainly plant material like aquatic vegetation and grasses, but it also includes insects and other small invertebrates. They are known for a feeding behavior called “kleptoparasitism,” where they often snatch food from other ducks.

American Wigeons usually breed in the northernmost parts of North America. The females create their nests on the ground, often hidden in tall grass near water bodies. They lay a clutch of 6 to 11 eggs which they incubate for about three to four weeks and the ducklings feed on small aquatic invertebrates and aquatic insects.

Common Goldeneye Duck Scientific Name: Bucephala clangula

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Scientific Name: Bucephala clangula

Length: 18-20 inches

Wingspan: 30.3-32.7 inches

Weight: 1.8-2.2 lbs

The Common Goldeneye is a medium-sized diving duck, recognized for its golden-yellow eye and distinct whistling sound made during flight.

Appearance: Male Common Goldeneyes have a glossy green-black head, a circular white patch between the eye and the bill, and a golden-yellow eye. They have a dark back and white underparts. Females have a chocolate-brown head and a similar golden-yellow eye but lack the white facial patch.

Diet: Common Goldeneyes feed on a variety of aquatic life including crustaceans, insects, and small fish. They are diving ducks and will often plunge below the surface to search for food.

Reproduction: The female nests in tree cavities near water, typically laying between six and fifteen eggs. After hatching, the young ducks will follow their mother, who guides them to feeding areas but does not feed them directly.

Greater Scaup
Greater Scaup Scientific Name: Aythya marila
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Scientific Name: Aythya marila

Length: 15–22 in

Wingspan: 28–33 in

Weight: 1.601–2.998 lb

The Greater Scaup is a diving duck species found across North America, Europe, and Asia. This hardy bird is known for its preference for colder climates and ability to dive to impressive depths in search of food.

Appearance: The male Greater Scaup has a striking black head, neck, and chest, contrasted by a pale gray back and a white underbelly. Their heads have a greenish iridescence, and they have a blue-gray bill. Females, on the other hand, have a brown body with a white band at the base of the bill.

Diet: Greater Scaups are diving ducks and are capable of reaching depths of up to 6 meters to forage. Their diet primarily consists of aquatic invertebrates, such as mollusks and crustaceans, though they also consume plant matter including seeds and aquatic vegetation.

Reproduction: Greater Scaups breed in the northernmost parts of North America and Eurasia. They build nests on the ground near water, often on islands in lakes, shielded by vegetation. The female lays a clutch of around 9 eggs, and is solely responsible for incubation, which lasts about 24 to 28 days.

Lesser Scaup

Lesser Scaup
Lesser Scaup Scientific Name: Aythya affinis

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Scientific Name: Aythya affinis

Length: 16.4–16.9 in

Wingspan: 27–31 in

Weight: 1–2.4 lb

The Lesser Scaup is a small diving duck species commonly found in North America, particularly in the lakes, ponds, and coastal bays of the United States.

Appearance: Male Lesser Scaups are characterized by their glossy black heads and necks, bright yellow eyes, and pale bluish-gray backs. They also feature a distinguished black chest and tail-end. Females, on the other hand, are primarily brown with white bands near the bill and a slightly lighter brown color on their heads and necks.

Diet: Lesser Scaups are divers, and their diet mainly consists of aquatic invertebrates, including insects, mollusks, and crustaceans. They are also known to eat aquatic plants and seeds, particularly during the non-breeding season.

Reproduction: Lesser Scaups nest on the ground, generally close to water bodies. The female lays a clutch of around 9 to 11 eggs and is solely responsible for their incubation, which lasts for about three to four weeks.

Northern Pintail

Northern Pintail
Northern Pintail Scientific Name: Anas acuta

Listen to Northern Pintail

credit https://xeno-canto.org/721976

Scientific Name: Anas acuta

Length: 23–30 in

Wingspan: 31–37 in

Weight: 1 –3 lb

The Northern Pintail is a graceful species of duck recognized for their elegance in flight and their sleek bodies and long tails which is pin-shaped.

Male Northern Pintails are celebrated for their distinctive appearance, featuring a chocolate brown head, a white neck, and a grayish body. The most notable characteristic is the long, pointed tail feathers, which give this species its name. Females are more understated in color, sporting a mottled brown plumage.

Diet: Consists primarily of plant matter, including seeds and aquatic vegetation. They are also known to eat insects, especially during the breeding season. The Northern Pintail is often seen dabbling and upending in water bodies to forage for food.

Reproduction: Northern Pintails usually nest on the ground, near water bodies. The female lays a clutch of 7 to 9 eggs and is solely responsible for their incubation, which lasts for about three weeks.

Where to Spot Rhode Island’s Water Birds

Rhode Island, despite being the smallest state in the U.S., offers a plethora of great bird watching locations due to its coastal geography. Here are some locations where you can spot various species of water birds:

Sachuest Point National Wildlife Refuge, Middletown: This coastal refuge is an excellent place for spotting water birds and other wild birds like the Harlequin Duck, Red-breasted Merganser, and Double-Crested Cormorant. Its diverse habitats also attract migratory species.

Block Island National Wildlife Refuge, New Shoreham: Situated off the coast of Rhode Island, Block Island serves as an important stopover for migratory birds and other species due to its dense vegetation and abundance food supplies. You might see species like the American Black Duck, Greater Scaup, Snow goose (known for its pink legs) and Green Heron here.

Ninigret National Wildlife Refuge, Charlestown: Known for its large, diverse bird populations, you can observe numerous water bird species such as the Snowy Egret, Great Blue Heron, and the rare American Avocet. You will find many large birds here, as its their preferred habitat so look out for plenty of wading birds.

Trustom Pond National Wildlife Refuge, South Kingstown: As Rhode Island’s only undeveloped coastal pond, this refuge hosts over 300 bird species, including water birds like the American Coot, Northern Pintail, and Bufflehead.

Brenton Point State Park, Newport: This coastal park offers panoramic ocean views and opportunities to see various aquatic birds like the Brown Pelican, Western Grebe, and White-faced Ibis.

Are any water birds year round residents in Rhode Island?

Yes, over twelve species are year-round residents in Rhode Island. These birds have adapted to the changing seasons and can find sufficient food and shelter in the state throughout the year.

Here are a few examples of resident Waterbirds in Rhode island:

  1. Mallard: These ducks are extrememly common and often found in both freshwater and saltwater habitats in Rhode Island, and they remain throughout the winter.
  2. Canada Goose: The Canada Goose is a common sight in the state’s parks, golf courses, and other open areas, even your own backyard if you have a pool. Some populations are year-round residents and build their nest sites.
  3. American Black Duck: They inhabit the same areas as Mallards and are also year-round residents in Rhode Island.
  4. Great Blue Heron: This large wading bird can be found in the state’s marshes, ponds, and shores throughout the year.
  5. Belted Kingfisher: These birds are often seen along Rhode Island’s rivers and coasts, diving for fish, and are present year-round.

What kind of seabirds are in Rhode Island?

Rhode Island, being the Ocean State with plenty of coastline along the Atlantic, is home to a variety of seabirds. Seabirds are species that spend the majority of their lives at sea, venturing to land primarily for breeding purposes. Here are a few of the seabird species you can find in Rhode Island:

  1. Herring Gull: This large gull is very common along the coastlines of Rhode Island and can be seen year-round.
  2. Great Black-backed Gull: This is the largest species of gull and is commonly seen along the Rhode Island coast.
  3. Ring-billed Gull: These are also common gulls in Rhode Island, often seen in parking lots as well as along the coast.
  4. Common Tern: These seabirds are summer visitors to Rhode Island’s coastlines and can often be seen diving for fish.
  5. Least Tern: This is the smallest of the tern species and can be seen along the Rhode Island coast during the summer months.
  6. Double-crested Cormorant: These large water birds can be seen year-round in Rhode Island, often perched with their wings spread to dry.
  7. Northern Gannet: These impressive seabirds can sometimes be seen diving offshore, especially during migration seasons in spring and fall.
  8. Black-legged Kittiwake: This small gull species is more likely to be seen offshore in Rhode Island, especially in the winter.
  9. Laughing Gull: Recognizable by its black head and loud laugh-like call, these gulls are common summer visitors to Rhode Island’s coasts.
  10. Atlantic Puffin: It’s rare, but possible, to see Atlantic Puffins off the coast of Rhode Island, especially during winter storms when they get blown closer to shore.

It shoud be noted with the recent outbreak of Avian influenza (which has affected many species), the Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management are telling people if they see a dead bird, to avoid it and in no way come into contact with any dead birds. Many non-government conservation organizations are also contributing to these preventative measures.

Neighboring StateBest Spots for Birdwatching
Connecticut Water BirdsHammonasset Beach State Park, Sherwood Island State Park, Great Island Wildlife Area
Massachusetts Water BirdsParker River National Wildlife Refuge, Cape Cod National Seashore, Plum Island

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